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44 pages 1 hour read

The Wonder

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2016

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Chapter 4Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 4 Summary: “Vigil”

Content Warning: This chapter contains depictions of an eating disorder.

On Saturday evening, Wright learns from Kitty that the last thing Anna consumed before her fast was the wafer she received at her first communion. Wright names constellations for Anna, and tells her that the constellations in the Southern Hemisphere are different. The next afternoon, Wright takes Anna out for a walk and is disturbed by her slow pace. She tells Anna about the tree tied with rags; Anna explains that the tree is near a holy well, and that dipping a rag in the well and tying it to the tree will heal ailments. Wright finds a bush full of red currants and encourages Anna to eat. Anna refuses, but holds berries in her hands for birds to eat.

That evening, Wright regrets her haste in running away from Byrne, and wishes she could get his opinion on Anna’s health. She slips a note under his door early on Monday morning. When she arrives at the cottage that same morning, Wright asks Kitty whether Anna has confided in her about the fast. Kitty feels attacked and Rosaleen intervenes. Before leaving, Sister Michael tells Wright that the community have spotted her out hiking. The O’Donnells leave to celebrate the Feast of the Ascension, bringing food offerings.

As soon as the family leaves, Wright takes Anna to a meadow where Byrne is waiting, as Wright’s note instructed. Anna and Byrne discuss local flowers and birds, and she tells him the riddles she has learned from Wright. As they talk, it is revealed that Byrne was previously engaged and that he has thought about moving to Australia. Byrne describes emigration as a kind of death. Privately, Byrne tells Wright that he believes Anna is dying, citing his experience with starvation as a reporter in the Great Famine. A few hours later, Byrne slips a draft of his article under Wright’s door at the spirit grocery. The article affirms Anna’s piety, but explicitly states that she is dying of starvation. The article also implies that her situation has grown dire as a result of the watch.

On Monday afternoon, Sister Michael is telling Anna a story about a miracle when Wright arrives at the cottage. Wright tries to confront her about their role in Anna’s health, but Sister Michael leaves. Anna says she feels like she is floating, and hears bells. She tells Wright that she says her devotional prayer to the cross 33 times a day. Sister Michael returns and explains to Wright that the story she was telling Anna was about the importance of confession. Wright realizes that Sister Michael also believes Anna is lying, and asks for her help confronting Dr. McBrearty. Sister Michael refuses. Wright confronts her again at the next shift change, but their argument is interrupted by Rosaleen and Anna.

On Tuesday morning, Wright visits McBrearty to tell him that she thinks Anna is dying. McBrearty dismisses her concerns and shares his research about medieval fasting saints; he is beginning to believe that Anna, like the saints, is one of the chosen that can survive without food. He tells Wright that Anna represents freedom from need. When Wright protests, he accuses her of overstepping her boundaries, and of giving in to maternal instinct. He suggests that the loss of her own child is preventing Wright from remaining neutral, but agrees to visit Anna in the afternoon.

When Wright arrives at the cabin, Anna is very sick: There is blood in urine, her adult teeth are falling out, her vision is fading, and she is too weak to move. McBrearty arrives with a wheelchair and examines Anna, but dismisses Wright’s concerns again, claiming that her physical symptoms are signs that she is changing systemically because she no longer relies on food. Wright demands that he stop the watch. McBrearty replies that doing so would be admitting the family was lying, and storms off. Wright knows she should leave the watch, but can’t bring herself to do so.

That night, Wright visits Byrne’s room and admits that he is right about the watch’s impact on Anna. Byrne tells Wright that she has no loyalty to anyone but Anna, and the time for neutrality has passed: She must urge Anna to eat. On Wednesday morning, Wright confronts Anna with a mirror to show her how sick she looks. Anna asks Wright how she started a new life after her marriage ended, and tells her about the war. Wright uses biblical quotes to try to convince Anna that she needs to eat and tries to explain nutrition. Anna responds that she was fed manna from heaven for months. The conversation is interrupted by Rosaleen, who is furious after reading Byrne’s article. Wright affirms that Anna is dying, and accuses Rosaleen of being complicit. Rosaleen, devastated, responds that she did everything she could, and fed Anna as long as she would let her.

In the afternoon, Wright takes Anna out in the wheelchair and they again meet Byrne. Byrne tells Wright that he has learned that a mission Anna mentioned was run by Redemptorists, priests sent from Rome to reaffirm church orthodoxy and revive church membership. After an upsetting sermon on fornication, the parish experienced a rush of confessions and confirmations, including Anna. That night, Wright realizes that Anna’s earlier comment was an admission: For four months, that is, since her first communion, someone was feeding her.

Wright reviews her notes and realizes that Anna’s health began to decline after Anna refused her mother’s morning greeting. When Wright confronts her, Anna admits that her mother was bringing her the manna from heaven in a holy kiss. Wright tells Anna that her mother has been feeding her regular food, and that because she’s refusing it, she will die. Anna nods and smiles.

Chapter 4 Analysis

The Lasting Legacy of English Colonialism in Ireland is an important theme in this chapter. Despite their growing intimacy, Wright’s conversations with Byrne highlight her Englishness and position as an outsider and member of the colonizing group. For example, Wright is uncomfortable when Byrne describes the building of the green road in Athlone. Byrne explains that “charity was considered corrupting” by the colonial British government, who made the starving Irish families work “building a road from nowhere to nowhere” in exchange for donations of food (217). The story is disturbing to Wright, who wonders if Byrne resented her “for the mere fact of her being English” (217). In his article about Anna, Byrne declares “without equivocation, that the child is now in grave peril, and that her watchers must beware” (186). He indicates that the watch is responsible for Anna’s starvation, and reflects his earlier assertion that “God may have sent the blight, but the English made the famine” (165). The tension between Wright and the people of Athlone is a legacy of the English colonization of Ireland, and contributes to her feelings of being an outsider.

The influence of folk traditions on rural Irish Catholics is evident throughout this chapter. The folk Catholicism practiced by the O’Donnell family is an amalgamation of Catholic beliefs, such as the intercession of saints, with traditions and figures from folklore, such as fairies, harvest sacrifices, and healing waters. Two prominent examples of Catholic folk symbols are the rag tree Wright finds while wandering the countryside and the first fruit offerings that the O’Donnells bring to celebrate the Feast of the Assumption. Anna explains to Wright that sick and injured locals dip rags in a “holy well” near the tree and then rub the wet rag on the ailing body part—“the badness stays on the rag, and you leave it behind. Once it rots away, what was ailing you will be gone too” (176). The belief that the dissolution of the cloth will end sickness and injury reflects Anna’s belief that her prayers can clear her brother’s sins in purgatory.

Wright’s ignorance of Irish folk Catholicism creates distance between her and the people of Athlone. Wright dismisses the rag tree, which belongs to an important Irish folk tradition, as “superstition.” By the end of the novel, she will recognize why people value the rag tree, signifying her growth and acceptance of Ireland and Catholicism.

The practice of donating the first fruits of harvest as an offering for a productive year stretches back to antiquity. Wright accuses the O’Donnells of being “monsters of callousness” (180) for celebrating the feast while Anna is dying, but the novel suggests that their faith in these traditions brings them comfort. The Wonder’s emphasis on folk traditions highlights their importance in shaping Catholic belief and practice in Ireland.

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