67 pages • 2 hours read
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The Latecomers is first and foremost a novel about family. From the time she marries Salo Oppenheimer, Johanna is deeply invested in creating a family: “It meant everything to Johanna that her children be powerfully attached to one another, even more attached than some random sequential assemblage of ‘normal’ siblings might have been” (58). For most of the story, Johanna struggles to make her fantasy family by denying the reality of the individuals and relationships involved. Only when she is able to relinquish her ideals, and accept her children for themselves, is she truly able to have a family.
From the moment Johanna marries Salo, she begins moving toward her goal of creating a family. Getting pregnant is difficult, which only raises the stakes, and invests her more deeply in the idea of having a close, intimate family after the triplets are born. However, from the moment of their birth, “not one of the three […] had a speck of affection for either of the others […] let alone as counterparts in a tender and eternal family relationship” (1). Still, Johanna continually tries to bring the children forcibly together with traditions like the annual photographs, hung “along the staircase wall in Brooklyn so they could see themselves grow up together every time they went upstairs” (60). For much of the novel, she persists in believing that she can generate a sense of family and connectedness from the outside in, with the trappings of her ideal family.
The effect, however, is to push the children even further apart, as they seek to define the boundaries that separate them, rather than looking for connection. Only when Phoebe steps in does the family begin to experience true connection and intimacy. She brings the tangled web of history and relationships into the open, exposing old wounds so that they can heal. In the process, she also expands the family, pulling Rochelle, Ephraim, and even Stella, into the family as well.
Phoebe’s actions cause Johanna to reevaluate her approach to making a family and help her to begin a personal transformation from having a rigid idea of family to seeing the reality of her family and accepting it, allowing genuine affection and affinity to bloom. Johanna lets go of trying to control her children’s relationships in order to create the dynamic she wants to see. This changes her so completely that Phoebe recognizes it immediately when she sees her mother on Martha’s Vineyard:
The woman I found when I got to the cottage was a person I had not yet had the pleasure of meeting: her hair was longer, her clothes were looser, and there was an utterly unfamiliar look of calm on her face. The hug she gave me when I got out of the taxi was entirely without agenda, as far as I could tell (427).
By bringing family relationships into the light, and forcing everyone, including Johanna, to face reality, Phoebe has shown Johanna what it truly takes to make a family.
Jean Hanff Korelitz explores the notion of the outsider from a variety of angles in The Latecomers. In fact, every Oppenheimer seems to be an outsider in their own family, and the triplets feel this situation keenly. Throughout the novel, they all search for that sense of belonging that their family does not offer and, by the end, when they come back together, each has found their place and purpose.
Of all the triplets, Harrison distances himself most fully from his siblings. He is superior, snobbish, and often cruel. As his chapters reveal, however, Harrison’s unlikable behavior masks a deep sense of dislocation. As someone who gets validation from his intellectual superiority, gradeless Walden only exacerbates his sense of being an outsider and frustrates his attempts to form an identity. Upon arriving at Roarke, his sense of belonging is immediate, but undercut by the assignment of a remedial reading list.
Harrison’s belief in his intellectual superiority actually hides a deep insecurity—his real frustration at not receiving grades at Walden was that he was not as smart as he believes. At Roarke, and then later at the Hayek Institute, Harrison feels belonging to the point where it causes him to reconsider the very meaning of family:
[H]e found himself ruminating on the notion of family, and how smoothly the word had begun to slide over these new relationships […] and how fractured and abrasive that same word had always seemed in connection with his actual relations (234).
At the Hayek Institute, Harrison finds the acceptance and validation that he needs.
When Sally leaves home to go to Cornell, she completely cuts ties with her family, to the point of denying Lewyn’s existence, and saying that Phoebe is a cousin’s baby. She rids herself of nearly all of her possessions and adopts a uniform of “blue denim and black long-sleeved shirts” (144). With these efforts, Sally wipes her personal slate clean, and starts to build her life and identity anew. She has trouble finding belonging at Cornell, however, until she meets Harriet Greene.
With Harriet, Sally finds acceptance and purpose. She belongs with Harriet, in the picking world, and in the art world. The final step toward belonging for Sally, however, hinges on her own acceptance of her sexual orientation. Only after years of struggling to accept herself, does she find full belonging in a relationship with Paula, a professor at Cornell. In the end, Sally’s sense of belonging hinges not on anyone else’s acceptance of her, but her acceptance of herself.
Lewyn is the only triplet that ever looked for connection and belonging with his siblings. When he is rejected, however, as he is by Sally at Cornell, he accepts it and steps back. In fact, he eventually sees the upside to Sally’s denial of him, that it “meant that Lewyn was allowed to be somebody else” (207). Although Lewyn does not choose, as Sally did, to abandon his former identity in order to seek belonging, once it is forced upon him, it does not take him long to see the advantages.
After he loses the love and belonging that he found with Rochelle, Lewyn literally roams the country seeking belonging, instinctively returning to the Mormon pageant where he had witnessed the belonging the audience had felt. This leads him to Provo, where his search for belonging coincides with his increasing interest in art. Although eventually he discovers that Mormonism is not where he belongs, while there, he finds a connection to Art that offers him a new way to belong to his family. He is grateful for the journey that led him home again, and back to Salo’s art collection. His belonging and sense of purpose intersect with the family art collection. In the end, each of the triplets finds a place to belong, and a purpose. With Phoebe’s work to reconcile the family, they also find belonging in the very family they tried so hard to leave behind.
One legacy that shapes the lives of Johanna and Salo, and the lives of their children, is the legacy of secrets. Every member of the family keeps secrets, sometimes for protection, and sometimes to gain an advantage over someone else. However, these secrets result in the destruction of the family, and a great deal of unnecessary pain.
This secrecy begins with Johanna and Salo, and stems from an instinct to protect. In the first paragraphs of Chapter 1, Johanna lies about how she and Salo first met. The excuse she gives is that “[i]t’s supposed to be a happy question” (5), and people do not expect to hear a tragic story. However, it also comes from her desire to protect Salo by avoiding the topic of the car accident. Johanna also keeps secrets to protect her dream of a family when she does not tell Salo, for two years, that she has stopped taking her birth control pills. Yet, Salo also keeps secrets to protect himself, including protecting himself from emotional messiness. After the car accident, he keeps his grief a secret, allowing people to believe he and Mandy were engaged because it comforts her family. When he discovers his passion for art, he separates it from his family and keeps it to himself.
This legacy of secrets is passed down to their children as well. Sally keeps her sexual orientation a secret to protect herself, not just from others, but also from herself, as she is not ready to acknowledge her truth. Harrison’s examples of secrecy might not be as blatant as Lewyn and Sally lying to Rochelle, but his secrecy is all-encompassing. Harrison keeps his very self a secret, sharing none of his thoughts, feelings, or insecurities. When he struggles with Walden’s way of doing things, he tells no one, instead embarking instead on a secret self-directed course of study. Lewyn, though not as secretive as Sally, takes advantage of the situation that her secrecy created, and even sees the value in it, as he is allowed to reinvent himself with Rochelle.
In addition to maintaining secrecy for protection, the siblings often use secrets as leverage against each other. They look for opportunities to be privy to information the others do not have. When Sally finds out about Salo’s affair with Stella, she admits that one of the reasons she follows him is that she wants to have a secret that her brothers do not know about: “Pretty much the only pleasurable element of her plan was the fact that she would be withholding information about it from her brothers” (85). When Lewyn tells Harrison that Sally is a lesbian, he feels terribly guilty as he is doing it, but still cannot resist the impulse to surprise Harrison with information he does not have. Harrison, in turn, does not hesitate to use what Lewyn has told him to cruelly hurt Sally, merely to reassert his superiority. This use of secrets as leverage is partly what creates their desire for secrecy as a means of protection.
Hanff Korelitz does give the reader examples of other families that are more open. Stella is honest with Ephraim, always, about their family and his father: “I prefer not to lie as a rule, but especially not to the most important person in my life” (394). When Sally appears at Rochelle’s house, Rochelle is open about her mother’s condition, and the effect on herself. Further, when Rochelle is confronted with the fact of Lewyn and Sally’s dishonesty, her confusion is real: “I’m mainly sad. I’m sad that neither of them could share something so…well, basic with me. I mean, why?” (314). In the face of Rochelle’s mature, baffled reaction, suddenly their secrets and battle for leverage seems childish. She does not understand the Oppenheimers’ culture of secrecy, but it is a legacy that would’ve destroyed the family if Phoebe had not brought all of the secrets out into the open at last.
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By Jean Hanff Korelitz
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