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77 pages 2 hours read

Anger Is a Gift

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2018

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Chapters 21-29Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 21 Summary

By the day of the walk out, Moss’s hope has vanished and he is convinced things will go wrong. This fear is confirmed when he and Njemile arrive at school and see police officers in faceless, militarized uniforms, their skin entirely covered and numerous weapons and unknown items hanging from utility belts. Moss feels his anxiety growing rapidly at the sight of their guns.

The officers are frisking students on their way in, and Njemile and Moss realize that they know about the protest and are there to intimidate them. When they enter, Moss is frisked roughly and told to remove his shoes. He refuses, and the officer grabs him by the shirt front as he struggles to breathe, his panic rising. Mr. Jacobs intervenes and tells the officer that he cannot assault the students and may only ask them to remove their shoes if he has a reasonable suspicion that there is something in them.

Moss declines an offer to go to the nurse but is now extremely anxious about the demonstration. However, he is determined not to be intimidated and several students reassure him that they will also be walking out at 2 p.m. Moss and the others realize that none of their cell phones are working properly; if they turn on at all they are unable to open apps. 

Chapter 22 Summary

At 1:52, Moss hears students in the corridor and he and his classmates get out of their seats. Their teacher reveals that they were sent an email telling them that there would be a walk-out and that they are not to let any students leave their classroom. However, he says that he will say he never received a memo and has no reason to stop them, so the students leave.

Moss and Rawiya meet up with Kaisha and Reg and head to towards the entrance, which is blocked with students. However, the students suddenly turn and run back towards them, pursued by police officers with batons. Njemile finds them and reveals that the police fired on them with a burning liquid that causes pain and swelling. Students pass in tears, their skin and faces swollen and distorted by the chemical weaponry.

As they head for the back exit, Moss and the others bump into Javier and his friends Carlos, Chandra, and Sam, who have snuck into the school. A police officer arrives and tells them to get on the floor. His face obscured by a helmet, he pulls a strange bullhorn from his belt, which they will later learn emits a frequency that upsets the inner ear of young people but is inaudible to adults. He points it and them, and Chandra and Sam drop to their knees and begin vomiting. It has no effect on the others and, while the officer is distracted trying to fix it, they run away.

They leave the building with the officer in pursuit and see a huge number of people gathered outside the school grounds holding placards and banners. A line of riot police stands inside the gate blocking the students from reaching them. The pursuing officer strikes Moss with his baton and pushes him to the ground, but the others help him up. Javier taunts the officer that he cannot do anything to him because he does not even attend this school. He quickly realizes that this only gives the officer an excuse to punish him for trespassing.

Mr. Jacobs arrives and screams at the officer to stop but the man simply strikes him in jaw with the baton before chasing Moss and the others once more. He catches Moss and starts beating him savagely with his baton. Javier throws himself on Moss to shield him from the blows. The other officers begin advancing as the students struggle to get away.

The first officer rips off his helmet in frustration and throws it at the fleeing students and the other officers call him by his name, Daley, and tell him to stop, advancing on him rather than the students. However, Daley has his gun in his hand and Moss turns to see him fire at Javier, who falls to the ground, bleeding from his chest and mouth. While Daley stands in a daze, Moss tries to stem the bleeding, but Javier dies in front of him.

Chapter 23 Summary

Back at home, Moss tries so hard to scrub Javier’s blood from his hands that he ends up making himself bleed. Numb, he returns to the living room where Esperanza, Reg, Kaisha, Rawiya, and Wanda are all watching the news. Wanda notes the passive language used in the coverage, designed to avoid saying that the police officer murdered another unarmed teenager. She explains how the media uses such tactics to make out that the victim is responsible for their own murder and compares it to the coverage of the police murdering Moss’s father.

Esperanza exclaims that it is not quite the same because Moss’s father was clearly innocent, and Moss is outraged at the implication that Javier was not. She clarifies what she means but still does not seem to understand how poor, marginalized communities are treated by the police and media, and Wanda has to explain that “This is our reality” (284). As they continue to discuss the way police officers repeatedly get away with murdering people of color, especially in poor neighborhoods, Moss increasingly resents Esperanza’s privileged naiveté and the way she has to have these things explained to her.

Moss goes to bed and Wanda comes to check he is okay. As she comforts him, he admits that he does not know what they need to do next. Wanda says that they start with the little things, like making sure Javier’s mother has support and enough money for the funeral, and then they organize another demonstration to demand justice for Javier’s murder. She says that she will take care of organizing another meeting.

Chapter 24 Summary

At first, Moss cannot bring himself to climb the stairs to Eugenia’s apartment, but then he has a sudden delusion that Javier is up there and sprints up the stairs. The reality returns when he sees Eugenia and hugs her. Wanda and Eugenia embrace too and cry together over their losses. Moss gives her Javier’s beanie hat that Moss had picked up when he was killed. He had wanted to keep it but knew she should have it. In turn, Eugenia gives him Javier’s cycling bag, including his extra thick bike chain, and invites him to take something from Javier’s bedroom.

Moss finds a notebook on Javier’s desk and discovers his comic about a superhero named El Gran Misterio who, without his mask, looks just like Javier. In one of the scenes, the superhero removes his costume and climbs into bed with a man who looks like Moss. Moss falls onto the bed in grief and longing. As he and Eugenia comfort each other, she asks him to promise that he will “get the diablo who did this” (297), and Moss gives his word that they will.

Chapter 25 Summary

In school, Mrs. Torrance reads a statement from Mr. Elliot, after warning the class that it will probably “anger y’all more than anything else” (301). The statement is politic and careful, avoiding taking responsibility and subtly suggesting that the fault lies with Javier for trespassing. The students discuss how their mobile phones are still broken and Mrs. Torrance reveals that she believes that this is not an accident or coincidence. She reveals that over a hundred students were injured, and Moss despairs that Javier has become another statistic, just like his father (303). As the others discuss how the police can get away with such things, Moss feels jaded and desperate, believing that those responsible will get away with it again and that there is nothing any of them can do.

Chapter 26 Summary

Moss passes the next few days in a daze. He keeps imagining seeing Javier, only to discover it is not him but simply his brain trying to “[fill] in the chasm, the hole that was left behind” (307). His mother goes to visit Eugenia, but Moss cannot handle going there again yet. However, when she organizes another meeting, he agrees to attend.

Chapter 27 Summary

When Moss arrives, Blessed Way Church is overflowing, with people spreading out into the street unable to get inside. He sees students, community members, and even teachers and staff from the school in attendance. Wanda assures him that he does not have to talk, but he says that he needs to do it. Eugenia speaks first and thanks Moss for loving her son, causing Moss to finally realize that he had been in love with Javier. She continues, speaking of her loss and asking them for any help they can give her, before breaking down into tears.

While Moss begins talking about the need to hold Daley accountable for his actions, a smartly dressed white woman enters and announces herself as Rachel Madsen, the communication manager for the police department. Moss tells her that she is not welcome, but she insists on reading a statement. At the very start of her statement, she emphasizes that Javier was trespassing and Moss throws his chair at the back of the stage in fury.

After Rachel leaves, the crowd continues to offer suggestions. Esperanza’s mother, Rebecca takes the mic, much to Esperanza’s panic. She asks how “those of us who are more privileged can help” (320), and Wanda suggests that they fundraise to cover the costs of the funeral. Rebecca is reluctant to leave the microphone and continues suggesting things she can do to help, including speaking to the principal to whom she has a connection. In the course of doing so, she mentions that she has already spoken to him once.

It soon becomes clear that Rebecca told the principal about the secret protest, naïvely believing that she was helping because she “didn’t want them overreacting and hurting anyone” (321). The crowd is appalled, and Moss is outraged, screaming and swearing at Rebecca, telling her that Javier’s death is her fault before storming out of the church. He sits outside and cries for some time before Bits comes over to comfort him. Tears in their eyes, Bits reveals that they lost their own father in a drive-by shooting, something they have not spoken about before. They even reveal that they had joined a gang shortly after that because they felt like they needed to stand up for themselves.

Moss thanks Bits for sharing and for supporting him as people begin to leave the meeting. He goes to find his mother, who reveals that there is a separate meeting for a select few people about to take place. Moss is surprised to see Mr. Jacobs there, wearing a hoodie and looking awkward. He reveals that he knows a lot more about what happened at the school and even known where Daley is. Moss tells him to start talking (326).

Chapter 28 Summary

Moss tells Esperanza that he loves her but she cannot attend the meeting in case she says something to her parents and they reveal what is happening to the administration (329). However, she argues that she is also incredibly angry with her parents, and Moss relents. Mr. Jacobs reveals that he made copies of the school’s contract with the Oakland PD as well as blueprints for the metal detector. It soon becomes clear that it is not actually a metal detector but a more elaborate machine that actually scans inside people and that this is what was used to break the students’ cell phones. Mr. Jacobs reveals that this and other items are surplus from military technology acquired from the government.

As Mr. Jacobs reveals how much he and the rest of the administration knew about the police departments intentions and equipment, it is clear that he is pleased with his secret knowledge and is even excited about some of the technology. He remains detached from the whole incident, seemingly feeling no real responsibility for the death and the injuries, and Moss wonders why it took Javier being murdered before he made any effort to intervene. Angrily, he exclaims that Mr. Jacobs should just leave if he is not actually prepared to do anything to help. Like Rebecca, he refuses to take responsibility, and referring to the small effort he has made to redeem himself, even asks “Why can’t you just thank me for this?” (337).

In a fury, Moss tells Mr. Jacobs to leave, and he goes. Afterwards, Moss apologizes to the others for overreacting and says that he should learn to control his anger, but Wanda disagrees, saying that Mr. Jacobs needed to hear it, and the others agree (338). As Moss gets more worked up about what to do next, Wanda warns him to be careful and patient as they will be taking on powerful forces. Shamika agrees, but then lets slip that Wanda has direct experience of the cost of taking on the police (339). Moss demands to know what she means, but Wanda insists that it is not the time to discuss this. Moss is infuriated that he is not being told the whole truth and argues with Wanda and Esperanza, saying he hates Rebecca and that Esperanza sounds just like her. Enraged, he storms from the church and rides off on his bike.

Chapter 29 Summary

Moss rides furiously and recklessly, not caring how much he puts himself in danger. Eventually, he stops and begins to calm down, realizing that he must accept the harsh realities of the situation and that he is, at least, still alive. However, the realization that even if Daley came out of hiding and admitted his guilt, Javier would still be dead, hits him hard. Worse, he knows finding Daley is unlikely, and that, anyway, “the police would just do the same shit all over again, the cycle would continue, and it would pass to another family once the police killed someone else” (347). Moss has an idea and cycles over to a nearby police building where he takes out Javier’s thick metal bike chain and chains himself to a flagpole outside the building, intending to remain there until Daley is brought to justice.

Chapters 20-29 Analysis

The police in militarized combat gear that are waiting at the school on the day of the protest are highly symbolic, highlighting the oppressive forces of the state and the racist disregard for the lives of people of color. They are faceless and anonymous, their skin entirely hidden by armor and black clothing, lacking badges and identification, their belts hanging with numerous complex and cruel crowd-control weapons. The notion that this is in any way a proportionate response to a school demonstration or that such heavily-armed, armored forces are a symbol of safety highlights the criminalization of people of color and the ways they are perceived and treated as threats, expendable, or both. This highlights the hegemonic response to people of color’s reasonable and peaceful demands for a seat at the political table—those in power are the ones who actually incite violence because their response to racially charged incidents is more about maintaining authority rather than the incident itself.

A primary purpose of these officers is to intimidate the students in the hope that they will be too afraid to walk out, and to an extent, this is effective: Moss almost has another panic attack after being assaulted by one of them and remains extremely anxious in the lead up to the demonstration, again reliving the trauma of police brutality. However, it is not enough to stop the students staging their demonstration, and the police become increasingly violent in their attempt to regain control, using chemical sprays and sonic devices that have been criticized as violating human rights. One officer, Daley, is so out of control that he even strikes Mr. Jacobs with his baton for trying to calm things down and murders Javier. This moment is, effectively, the novel’s climax—the moment where, just as the protagonist is seemingly about to overcome their obstacles, a dramatic event raises the stakes even higher and makes their goals seem even more insurmountable than before.

As Moss and the others watch the news reports of Javier’s murder, Oshiro highlights how the themes of institutional racism and police brutality intersect in media coverage designed to minimize the police’s culpability for murder and subtly shift blame onto the victim. In a return to the theme of intersectionality and Esperanza’s lack of awareness of her own privilege, Moss’s once-best friend simply cannot recognize or believe the reality that she doesn’t experience the same type of oppression as her friends, to such a degree that Wanda has to gently remind her that “This is our reality” (284). Moss is filled with grief and despair, a paralyzing, impotent rage just like Wanda experienced after Moss’s father was killed. 

However, this gradually turns into a more active, if still unfocused, anger. This appears first when he explodes with rage at the meeting, throwing a chair and shouting at Rachel Madsen, the police communication manager who insensitively and inappropriately tries to give a statement effectively denying police responsibility for Javier’s murder. It emerges again when Rebecca reveals that she told the school about the protest. As before, Rebecca, a rich white person who has no reason to fear the police, is blind to this privilege and cannot see why poor people of color have legitimate reasons for keeping the protests secret. Indeed, she genuinely believes that she was helping by informing the authorities and that prior knowledge would stop them “overreacting and hurting anyone” (321). Moss is enraged by this, screaming and swearing at Rebecca and holding her responsible for Javier’s murder.

Moss directs similar rage at Esperanza, arguably unfairly holding her responsible for her mother’s actions, and at Mr. Jacobs for standing by and watching increasing levels of violence and only intervening when someone was killed. Even when he was motivated to take some action, he remains detached from the realities of the situation and incredibly pleased with himself for the small contribution he has made, even going so far as to ask Moss, “Why can’t you just thank me for this?” (337). This, coupled with the fact that most officers attempt to intervene when Daley becomes out of control shows that authorities’ meager attempts to temper their oppression is not enough. They are only willing to help the oppressed insofar as it does not threaten their own authority.

The symbolic significance of the metal detector develops further when Jacobs reveals that it is actually military-grade technology that was used to break the students’ phones and scan inside their bodies. That is, the way it represents the criminalization of people of color and unjustified invasion of privacy is dramatically increased by the revelation of its true origin and capabilities. Enraged by all of this, Moss is in danger of being consumed by his anger: he lashes out at his mother for not revealing a secret and cycles off recklessly, seemingly unconcerned for his own safety. However, in deciding to chain himself to the flagpole in protest at Javier’s murder, he manages to harness his rage, to turn it into a driving, motivating force for change, and truly make it the “gift” Wanda promised it could become.

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